Kotara e fetileng, Lekala la Khoebo, ka tšebelisano le Tsamaiso e Akaretsang ea Lekhetho, le fane ka tsebiso e kopanetsoeng ho sireletsa tšireletso ea naha le lithahasello ha le ntse le phethahatsa boikarabelo ba machaba ba ho se kenyeletse. Ka tumello ea Lekhotla la Naha, ho behiloe mehato e thata ea taolo ea ho romela thepa thepa e amanang le tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum, le indium. Haholo-holo, lisebelisoa tse laoloang tse amanang le tungsten li kenyelletsa ammonium paratungstate, tungsten oxides, li-tungsten carbides tse sa laoleheng, mefuta e itseng ea tungsten e tiileng (ntle le li-granules kapa powders), tšepe e khethehileng ea tungsten-nickel-alloys kapa tungsten-nickel-copper alloys, le lintlha le theknoloji e hlokahalang bakeng sa lintlha tse itseng, 40. 1C117.c, 1C117.d). Basebedisi bohle ba romelang thepa ena kantle ho naha ba tlameha ho ikamahanya le Molao wa Taolo ya Thomelontle ya People's Republic of China le Melawana ya Taolo ya Thepantle ya Disebediswa tse Habedi, ho etsa kopo le ho fumana ditumello tsa ho romela kantle ho ba boholong ba nang le bokgoni ba kgwebo ba Lekgotla la Naha. Phatlalatso ena e qala ho sebetsa hang-hang 'me e nchafatsa Lethathamo la Taolo ea Thomelontle la Lintho Tse Sebelisang Habeli la People's Republic of China.
I. Lintho Tse Amanang le Tungsten
- 1C117.d. Lisebelisoa tse Amanang le Tungsten:
- Ammonium paratungstate (HS Code: 2841801000);
- Tungsten oxides (HS Codes: 2825901200, 2825901910, 2825901920);
- Li-carbides tsa Tungsten ha li laoloe tlas'a 1C226 (HS Code: 2849902000).
-
- 1C117.c. Tungsten e tiileng e nang le litšobotsi tse latelang:
- Tungsten e tiileng (ntle le li-granules kapa phofo) e nang le efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:
- Li-alloys tsa tungsten kapa tungsten tse nang le tungsten content ≥97% ka boima ba 'mele, e sa laoloang tlas'a 1C226 kapa 1C241 (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001);
- Li-alloys tsa koporo tsa tungsten tse nang le tungsten content ≥80% ka boima ba 'mele (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001);
- Li-alloys tsa tungsten-silver tse nang le tungsten content ≥80% le litaba tsa silevera ≥2% ka boima ba 'mele (HS Codes: 7106919001, 7106929001);
-
- E khona ho etsoa ho e 'ngoe ea tse latelang:
- Li-cylinders tse nang le bophara ba ≥120 mm le bolelele ba ≥50 mm;
- Li-tubes tse nang le bophara ba ka hare ≥65 mm, botenya ba lerako ≥25 mm, le bolelele ba ≥50 mm;
- Li-blocks tse nang le litekanyo ≥120 mm × 120 mm × 50 mm.
-
-
- 1C004. Tungsten-Nickel-Iron kapa Tungsten-Nickel-Copper Alloys e nang le Litšobotsi Tsohle Tse Latelang:
- Boima ba 'mele> 17.5 g/cm³;
- Matla a ho hlahisa> 800 MPa;
- Matla a ho qetela> 1270 MPa;
- Elongation >8% (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001).
-
- 1E004, 1E101.b. Theknoloji le Data bakeng sa ho hlahisa lintho tse tlas'a 1C004, 1C117.c, 1C117.d (ho kenyeletsoa litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso, litekanyetso, le mananeo a machining).
II. Lintho Tse Amanang le Tellurium
- 6C002.a. Metallic Tellurium (HS Code: 2804500001).
- 6C002.b. Lihlahisoa tse le 'ngoe kapa tsa Polycrystalline Tellurium Compound (ho kenyeletsoa li-substrate kapa li-wafers tsa epitaxial):
- Cadmium telluride (HS Codes: 2842902000, 3818009021);
- Cadmium zinc telluride (HS Codes: 2842909025, 3818009021);
- Mercury cadmium telluride (HS Codes: 2852100010, 3818009021).
-
- 6E002. Theknoloji le Lintlha tsa ho hlahisa lintho tse tlas'a 6C002 (ho kenyeletsoa litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso, litekanyetso le mananeo a machining).
III. Lintho Tse Amanang le Bismuth
- 6C001.a. Metallic Bismuth le Lihlahisoa tse sa laoloeng tlas'a 1C229, ho kenyeletsoa empa ha e felle feela ho li-ingots, li-blocks, lifaha, granules, le phofo (HS Codes: 8106101091, 8106101092, 8106101099, 81061080109090,9 8106901029, 8106901099, 8106909090).
- 6C001.b. Bismuth Germanate (HS Code: 2841900041).
- 6C001.c. Triphenylbismuth (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 6C001.d. Tris(p-ethoxyphenyl)bismuth (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 6E001. Theknoloji le Lintlha tsa ho hlahisa lintho tse tlas'a 6C001 (ho kenyeletsoa litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso, litekanyetso le mananeo a machining).
IV. Lintho tse amanang le Molybdenum
- 1C117.b. Molybdenum Powder: Molybdenum le alloy particles tse nang le molybdenum content ≥97% ka boima ba 'mele le boholo ba likaroloana ≤50×10⁻⁶ m (50 μm), e sebelisetsoang ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa missile (HS Code: 8102100001).
- 1E101.b. Theknoloji le Data bakeng sa ho hlahisa lintho tse tlas'a 1C117.b (ho kenyeletsoa litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso, litekanyetso, le mananeo a machining).
V. Lintho Tse Amanang le Indium
- 3C004.a. Indium Phosphide (HS Code: 2853904051).
- 3C004.b. Trimethylidium (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 3C004.c. Triethylindium (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 3E004. Theknoloji le Lintlha tsa ho hlahisa lintho tse tlas'a 3C004 (ho kenyeletsoa litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso, litekanyetso le mananeo a machining).
Litaolo tsa kantle ho naha tsa Tungsten ha se Thibelo e Felletseng
Litaolo tsa kantle ho naha tsa Tungsten ha li bolele hore ho na le thibelo e felletseng ea ho romelloa kantle ho naha empa li kenyelletsa mehato e tloaelehileng ea taolo bakeng sa lintho tse itseng tse amanang le tungsten. Baromelantle ba thepa ena ba tlameha ho etsa kopo ya ditumello ho tswa ho balaodi ba nang le bokgoni ba kgwebo ba Lekgotla la Naha ho ya ka Molao wa Taolo ya Thomelontle le Melawana ya Taolo ya Thepantle ya Disebediswa tse Habedi. Thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha e lumelletsoe feela ka mor'a tumellano le tumello.
Tšusumetso e ka bang teng 'Marakeng oa Lehae
Ho latela lintlha tse tsoang ho Tungsten-Molybdenum Cloud Commerce Platform, thomello ea ammonium paratungstate (APT), tungsten trioxide, le ak'haonte ea tungsten carbide bakeng sa karolo e hlokomelehang ea kakaretso ea thomello ea tungsten:
- Lihlahisoa tsa APT ka 2023 le 2024 li ne li ka ba lithane tse 803 le lithane tse 782, ka ho latellana, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ikarabella bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 4% ea kakaretso ea thomello ea tungsten.
- Li-export tsa Tungsten trioxide li ne li ka ba lithane tse 2,699 ka 2023 le lithane tse 3,190 ka 2024, li eketseha ho tloha ho 14% ho isa ho 17% ea kakaretso ea thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha.
- Thomelo ya Tungsten carbide e ne e ka ba ditone tse 4,433 ka 2023 le dithane tse 4,147 ka 2024, e boloka karolo e ka bang 22%.
Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha ditaolo tsa thomelontle ya tungsten ho tla beha dintho tsena taolong e thata le dithulaganyo tsa tumello, tse ka amang ditshebetso tsa barekisi ba kantle ho naha. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho nahanoa ka karolo e lekanyelitsoeng ea lintho tsena tse laoloang ho kakaretso ea tungsten e romelloang kantle ho naha, phello e akaretsang ho matla a tlhokeho ea phepelo ea 'maraka oa lehae oa tungsten le mekhoa ea litheko e lebelletsoe ho ba nyane. Leano lena le ka boela la khothaletsa likhoebo ho tsepamisa maikutlo ntlafatsong ea thekenoloji le boleng ba sehlahisoa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa 'maraka oa lehae le oa machabeng.
Bohlokoa ba Leano la Tungsten
Sebaka se phahameng sa ho qhibiliha sa Tungsten, ho thatafala, conductivity, le ho hanyetsa kutu li etsa hore e be ea bohlokoa haholo indastering ea lefats'e. Tlhahisong ea tšepe, tungsten e matlafatsa matla, ho tiea le ho hanyetsa ho roala, e sebelisoang haholo mechine le kaho. Ho elektronike, ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa likarolo, li-circuits tse kopantsoeng, le li-filaments tsa setso. Sebakeng sa sefofane, li-alloys tsa tungsten li bohlokoa bakeng sa mahare a enjene le li-rocket nozzles, tse tšehetsang tlhahlobo ea sebaka. Sesole, li-alloys tsa tungsten li bohlokoa bakeng sa lihlomo tse phunyang lihlomo, likarolo tsa metsu le lihlomo, tse amang ka kotloloho bokhoni ba ts'ireletso ea naha. Ho netefatsa phepelo e tsitsitseng ea tungsten ea lehae ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ireletso ea naha.
Liphello tsa Nako e Khutšoane le Nako e telele
Ka nako e khuts'oane, taolo ea thomello e tla fokotsa phepelo ea tungsten ea China ho limmaraka tsa lefats'e, e leng monyetla oa ho sitisa likhakanyo tsa nako e telele tsa tlhokeho ea phepelo le ho nyolla litheko tsa machaba tsa tungsten ka lebaka la tlhoko e thata e tlase. Ha nako e ntse e ea, litaolo tsena li tla khothaletsa lintlafatso tsa indasteri, ho khothaletsa matsete a R&D, tšebeliso e ntle ea lisebelisoa, le nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo ho matlafatsa tšusumetso ea China indastering ea tungsten.
Lipalopalo tsa Global Tungsten
Ho ea ka USGS, mehloli ea tungsten ea lefats'e ka 2023 e ne e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 4.4, ho nyoloha ka 15.79% selemo le selemo, 'me Chaena e ikarabella bakeng sa 52.27% (lithane tse limilione tse 2.3). Tlhahiso ea tungsten ea lefats'e e ne e le lithane tse 78,000, e theohile ka 2.26%, ha Chaena e kenya letsoho 80.77% (lithane tse 63,000). Lintlha tsa moetlo oa China li bonts'a li-export tsa tungsten tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa ores ea tungsten, tungstic acid, tungsten trioxide, tungsten carbides, le lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa tungsten. Ka 2024, Chaena e ile ea romela lithane tse 782.41 tsa APT (tlase 2.53%, 4.06% ea kakaretso ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling), lithane tse 3,189.96 tsa tungsten trioxide (ho fihla ho 18.19%, 16.55% ea kakaretso ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling), le 4,146.76 lithane tse 4,146.76 tsa likoloi tse 6%, 2% ea tungsten ea 6%. kakaretso ea thomello).
CHENGDU HUAXIN CEMENTED CARBIDE CO.,LTD ke morekisi ea hloahloa le moetsi oa lihlahisoa tsa tungsten carbide, joalo ka lithipa tse kenyang carbide bakeng sa ho betla, lithipa tse chitja tsa carbide bakeng sa lithupa tsa koae le filthara ea sakerete, lithipa tse pota-potileng bakeng sa li-cardboard tse entsoeng ka makotikoti bakeng sa li-slitting tsa li-threts. ,theipi, ho seha filimi e tšesaane, li-fiber cutter blades bakeng sa indasteri ea masela jj.
Ka nts'etsopele ea lilemo tse fetang 25, lihlahisoa tsa rona li rometsoe US A, Russia, Amerika Boroa, India, Turkey, Pakistan, Australia, Asia Boroa-bochabela joalo-joalo Ka boleng bo botle le litheko tsa tlholisano, maikutlo a rona a ho sebetsa ka thata le karabelo e amoheloa ke bareki ba rona. 'Me re rata ho theha likamano tse ncha tsa khoebo le bareki ba bacha.
Ikopanye le rona kajeno 'me u tla thabela melemo ea boleng bo botle le litšebeletso tse tsoang lihlahisoa tsa rona!
Nako ea poso: Jun-04-2025
