Sesebelisoa sa alloy se entsoeng ka motsoako o thata oa tšepe ea refractory le tšepe e kopanyang ka mokhoa oa phofo oa metallurgy. Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e na le letoto la lintho tse ntle tse kang boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho roala, matla a matle le ho tiea, ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho hanyetsa ha kutu, haholo-holo boima ba eona bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho roala, tse lulang li sa fetohe esita le mocheso oa 500 ° C, o ntse o e-na le eona. boima bo phahameng ho 1000 ℃. Carbide e sebelisoa haholo e le lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa, tse kang ho fetola lisebelisoa, li-milling cutters, lipolane, li-drill, lisebelisoa tse boreleli, joalo-joalo, bakeng sa ho itšeha tšepe, litšepe tse se nang ferrous, polasetiki, likhoele tsa lik'hemik'hale, graphite, khalase, lejoe le tšepe e tloaelehileng, 'me e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho seha Lisebelisoa tse thata ho ea mochine tse kang tšepe e sa keneleng mocheso, tšepe e sa hloekang, tšepe e phahameng ea manganese, tšepe ea lisebelisoa, joalo-joalo Lebelo la ho itšeha la lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa carbide hona joale ke makhetlo a makholo a carbon steel.
Tšebeliso ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente
(1) Thepa ea lisebelisoa
Carbide ke palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa, tse ka sebelisetsoang ho etsa lisebelisoa tse fetolang, li-milling cutters, lipolane, li-drill, joalo-joalo. lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe, tse kang tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, koporo e entsoeng, bakelite, joalo-joalo; tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide e loketse ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea tšepe e kang tšepe. Ho etsa chip. Har'a li-alloys tse tšoanang, tse nang le li-cobalt tse ngata li loketse ho sebetsa ka thata, 'me tse nang le lisebelisoa tse fokolang tsa cobalt li loketse ho qeta. Li-carbide tse entsoeng ka morero ka kakaretso li na le nako e telele ea ho sebetsa ho feta li-carbide tse ling tse entsoeng ka samente bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse thata tsa mochini tse kang tšepe e sa hloekang.
(2) Lintho tse entsoeng ka hlobo
Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa mafu a batang a batang joalo ka ho hula ka mokhoa o batang, ho bolaoa ke serame, ho shoa ha serame, 'me pier e batang ea shoa.
Lihlooho tse batang tsa Carbide li hlokahala hore li be le tšusumetso e matla, ho thatafala ha fracture, matla a ho khathala, matla a ho khumama le ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle tlas'a maemo a sebetsang a sa sebetseng a tšusumetso kapa tšusumetso e matla. Hangata ho sebelisoa cobalt e mahareng le e phahameng le limaraka tse mahareng le tse mahoashe, joalo ka YG15C.
Ka kakaretso, kamano pakeng tsa ho hanyetsa ho apara le ho tiea ha carbide e entsoeng ka samente e hanyetsana: ho eketseha ha khanyetso ho tla lebisa ho fokotseha ha boima, 'me ho eketseha ha boima ho tla lebisa ho fokotseha ha khanyetso ea ho apara. Ka hona, ha u khetha limaraka tsa alloy, hoa hlokahala ho fihlela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa ts'ebeliso ho latela ntho ea ts'ebetso le maemo a ho sebetsa.
Haeba sehlopha se khethiloeng se na le tšekamelo ea ho senya le ho senya nakong ea tšebeliso, ho lokela ho khethoa sehlopha se nang le boima bo phahameng; haeba sehlopha se khethiloeng se tloaetse ho apara le ho senyeha pele nakong ea tšebeliso, sehlopha se nang le boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle se lokela ho khethoa. . Lihlopha tse latelang: YG15C, YG18C, YG20C, YL60, YG22C, YG25C Ho tloha ka letsohong le letšehali ho ea ho le letona, boima bo fokotseha, ho hanyetsa ho apara ho fokotseha, 'me boima bo eketseha; ho fapana le hoo, se fapaneng ke ’nete.
(3) Lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya le likarolo tse sa senyeheng
Carbide e sebelisoa bakeng sa li-inlays tsa holim'a metsi le likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya, li-grinders tse nepahetseng hantle, lipoleiti tsa tataiso le lithupa tsa tataiso tsa lisila tse se nang setsi, litlhōrō tsa lathe le likarolo tse ling tse sa senyeheng.
Litšepe tse kopanyang hangata ke tšepe ea sehlopha sa tšepe, hangata cobalt le nickel.
Ha ho etsoa carbide e entsoeng ka samente, boholo ba karoloana ea phofo e tala e khethiloeng e pakeng tsa 1 le 2 microns, 'me bohloeki bo phahame haholo. Lisebelisoa tse tala li hlophisoa ho ea ka karo-karolelano e behiloeng, 'me joala kapa mecha e meng ea litaba e kenngoa ho sila e metsi ka leloala la bolo e metsi ho etsa hore li kopane ka ho feletseng le ho silafatsoa. Sefa motsoako. Joale, motsoako oa granulated, o hatelloa, 'me o futhumatsoa ho mocheso o haufi le ntlha e qhibilihisang ea tšepe e kopanyang (1300-1500 ° C), mohato o thata le tšepe e tlamang e tla theha motsoako oa eutectic. Ka mor'a ho pholile, mekhahlelo e thata e ajoa ka har'a marang-rang e entsoeng ka tšepe e tlamahano 'me e amana haufi-ufi le e mong ho etsa ntho e tiileng. Ho thatafala ha carbide e entsoeng ka samente ho itšetlehile ka likarolo tse thata tsa karolo le boholo ba lijo-thollo, ke hore, ho phahama ha karolo e thata le ho feta lijo-thollo, ho ba le boima bo boholo. Ho tiea ha carbide e entsoeng ka samente ho khethoa ke tšepe e kopanyang. Ha tšepe e kopanyang e phahame, matla a flexural a phahame.
Ka 1923, Schlerter oa Jeremane o ile a eketsa 10% ho 20% ea cobalt ho tungsten carbide powder e le binder, 'me a qapa motsoako o mocha oa tungsten carbide le cobalt. Ho thatafala ha bobeli ho latela taemane. Carbide ea pele e entsoeng ka samente. Ha u seha tšepe ka sesebelisoa se entsoeng ka alloy ena, moeli oa ho itšeha o tla fela ka potlako, esita le ho senya ho tla phatloha. Ka 1929, Schwarzkov United States o ile a eketsa palo e itseng ea tungsten carbide le titanium carbide compound carbides ho ea pele, e leng se ileng sa ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa ho seha tšepe. Ena ke katleho e 'ngoe nalaneng ea nts'etsopele ea carbide e samenteng.
Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e na le letoto la lintho tse ntle tse kang boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho roala, matla a matle le ho tiea, ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho hanyetsa ha kutu, haholo-holo boima ba eona bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho roala, tse lulang li sa fetohe esita le mocheso oa 500 ° C, o ntse o e-na le eona. boima bo phahameng ho 1000 ℃. Carbide e sebelisoa haholo e le lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa, tse kang ho fetola lisebelisoa, li-milling cutters, lipolane, li-drill, lisebelisoa tse boreleli, joalo-joalo, bakeng sa ho itšeha tšepe, litšepe tse se nang ferrous, polasetiki, likhoele tsa lik'hemik'hale, graphite, khalase, lejoe le tšepe e tloaelehileng, 'me e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho seha Lisebelisoa tse thata ho ea mochine tse kang tšepe e sa keneleng mocheso, tšepe e sa hloekang, tšepe e phahameng ea manganese, tšepe ea lisebelisoa, joalo-joalo Lebelo la ho itšeha la lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa carbide hona joale ke makhetlo a makholo a carbon steel.
Carbide e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa ho cheka majoe, lisebelisoa tsa merafo, lisebelisoa tsa ho cheka, lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya, likarolo tse sa sebetseng, li-abrasives tsa tšepe, li-cylinder liners, li-bearings tse nepahetseng, li-nozzles, hlobo ea tšepe (joalo ka ho taka terata ho shoa, bolt e shoa, linate lia shoa. , le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea li-fastener, ts'ebetso e babatsehang ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente butle-butle e ile ea nkela liforomo tse fetileng tsa tšepe sebaka).
Hamorao, carbide e koahetsoeng ka samente le eona e ile ea tsoa. Ka 1969, Sweden e atlehile ho hlahisa sesebelisoa se koahetsoeng ka titanium carbide. Motheo oa sesebelisoa ke tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide kapa tungsten-cobalt carbide. Botenya ba titanium carbide coat holim'a metsi ke li-microns tse seng kae feela, empa ha li bapisoa le mofuta o tšoanang oa lisebelisoa tsa alloy, Bophelo ba tšebeletso bo atolosoa ka makhetlo a 3, 'me lebelo la ho itšeha le eketseha ka 25% ho ea ho 50%. Lilemong tsa bo-1970, ho ile ha hlaha moloko oa bone oa lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng bakeng sa ho seha thepa e thata ho ea mochine.
Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e siloa joang?
Cemented carbide ke thepa ea tšepe e entsoeng ka phofo ea metallurgy ea carbides le tšepe e kopanyang ea tšepe e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tse refractory.
Mlinaha tse kholo tse hlahisang litholoana
Ho na le linaha tse fetang 50 lefatšeng tse hlahisang carbide e entsoeng ka samente, e nang le kakaretso ea 27,000-28,000t-. Bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ke United States, Russia, Sweden, China, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, France, joalo-joalo. Mmaraka oa lefatše oa carbide o nang le samente o tletse haholo. , tlhōlisano ea 'maraka e bohale haholo. Indasteri ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente ea China e ile ea qala ho ba teng ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1950. Ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1960 ho isa lilemong tsa bo-1970, indasteri ea China e entsoeng ka samente ea carbide e ile ea hōla ka potlako. Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1990, kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea China ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente e fihlile ho 6000t, 'me kakaretso ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente e fihlile ho 5000t, ea bobeli ho ea Russia le United States, e boemong ba boraro lefatšeng.
Sekhahla sa WC
①Tungsten le cobalt e entsoeng ka samente carbide
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke tungsten carbide (WC) le binder cobalt (Co).
Sehlopha sa eona se entsoe ka "YG" ("hard and cobalt" ka Chinese Pinyin) le peresente ea kakaretso ea cobalt content.
Mohlala, YG8 e bolela kakaretso ea WCo=8%, 'me e setseng ke tungsten-cobalt carbide ea tungsten carbide.
TIC lithipa
②Tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke tungsten carbide, titanium carbide (TiC) le cobalt.
Mophato oa eona o entsoe ka "YT" ("hard, titanium" litlhaku tse peli ho Chinese Pinyin prefix) le kakaretso ea litaba tsa titanium carbide.
Mohlala, YT15 e bolela karolelano ea WTi=15%, 'me e setseng ke tungsten carbide le tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide e nang le cobalt content.
Sesebelisoa sa Tungsten Titanium Tantalum
③Tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) carbide e entsoeng ka samente
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide (kapa niobium carbide) le cobalt. Mofuta ona oa carbide e entsoeng ka samente e boetse e bitsoa carbide e kentsoeng ka kakaretso kapa universal cemented carbide.
Kereiti ea eona e entsoe ka "YW" (sehlongwapele sa fonotiki sa Sechaena sa "hard" le "wan") hammoho le nomoro ea tatelano, joalo ka YW1.
Litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso
Carbide Welded Insert
boima bo phahameng (86～93HRA, bo lekanang le 69～81HRC);
boima bo botle ba mocheso (ho fihlela ho 900～1000℃, boloka 60HRC);
Khanyetso e ntle ea abrasion.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa Carbide li lebelo ka makhetlo a 4 ho isa ho a 7 ho feta tšepe e lebelo le phahameng, 'me bophelo ba sesebelisoa bo phahame ka makhetlo a 5 ho isa ho a 80. Ho etsa liforomo le lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya, bophelo ba ts'ebeletso bo phahame ka makhetlo a 20 ho isa ho a 150 ho feta a alloy tool tool. E ka khaola lisebelisoa tse thata tse ka bang 50HRC.
Leha ho le joalo, carbide e entsoeng ka samente e brittle 'me ha e khone ho etsoa ka mochine,' me ho thata ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tse nang le libopeho tse rarahaneng. Ka hona, li-blades tsa libopeho tse fapaneng li atisa ho etsoa, tse kenngoa holim'a 'mele oa sesebelisoa kapa' mele oa hlobo ka li-welding, bonding, mechanical clamping, joalo-joalo.
Sebaka se nang le sebopeho se khethehileng
Sintering
Cemented carbide sintering molding ke ho hatella phofo ka har'a billet, ebe o kenya sebōpi sa sintering ho futhumatsa mocheso o itseng (mocheso oa sintering), o boloke nako e itseng (ho tšoara nako), ebe o o pholile ho fumana samente. thepa ea carbide e nang le thepa e hlokahalang.
Ts'ebetso ea sintering ea carbide e samente e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e mene ea mantlha:
1: Sethaleng sa ho tlosa moemeli oa sebopeho le pele ho sintering, 'mele oa sintered o fetoha ka tsela e latelang:
Ho tlosoa ha mochine oa ho bōpa, ka ho eketseha ha mocheso mothating oa pele oa sintering, mochine oa ho bopa o senyeha butle-butle kapa o fetoha mouoane, 'me' mele o silafetseng o qheleloa ka thōko. Mofuta, bongata le mokhoa oa sintering li fapane.
Li-oxide tse holim'a phofo li fokotsehile. Ka mocheso o chesang, hydrogen e ka fokotsa li-oxide tsa cobalt le tungsten. Haeba motsoako o tlosoa ka vacuum le sintered, karabelo ea carbon-oksijene ha e matla. Khatello ea ho kopana pakeng tsa likaroloana tsa phofo e tlosoa butle-butle, phofo ea tšepe e tlamang e qala ho hlaphoheloa le ho tsosolosa, ho phatloha ha holim'a metsi ho qala ho etsahala, 'me matla a briquetting a ntlafatsoa.
2: Mokhahlelo o tiileng oa sintering (800℃–eutectic mocheso)
Ka mocheso pele ho ponahalo ea mokelikeli, ntle le ho tsoela pele ka ts'ebetso ea sethaleng se fetileng, karabelo e tiileng ea mohato le ho hasana ho matlafatsoa, ho phalla ha polasetiki hoa matlafatsoa, 'me' mele oa sintered o fokotseha haholo.
3: Sethala sa sintering sa mokelikeli (mocheso oa eutectic - mocheso oa sintering)
Ha karolo ea mokelikeli e hlaha 'meleng oa sintered, shrinkage e phethoa ka potlako, e lateloa ke phetoho ea crystallographic ho etsa sebopeho sa motheo le sebopeho sa alloy.
4: Sethala sa ho pholile (mocheso oa sintering - mocheso oa kamore)
Mothating ona, sebopeho le sebopeho sa karolo ea alloy li na le liphetoho tse ling ka maemo a fapaneng a pholileng. Karolo ena e ka sebelisoa ho futhumatsa carbide e entsoeng ka samente ho ntlafatsa thepa ea eona ea 'mele le ea mochini.
Nako ea poso: Apr-11-2022
